Europe · reference
🇦🇿 Azerbaijan
Authoritarian presidential republic
SystemAuthoritarian presidential republic
Head of statePresident Ilham Aliyev
Head of governmentPrime Minister Ali Asadov
LegislatureNational Assembly (Milli Majlis) · 125 seats
ElectionsElections are held without genuine competition · no vote since 1993 has been judged free and fair by international observers
Last election2024-09-01 · snap parliamentary election
Next election2029 · parliamentary election due
Ilham Aliyev has ruled since 2003, succeeding his father Heydar in the post-Soviet world's first dynastic handover. The 2023 recapture of Nagorno-Karabakh cemented his domestic standing and reshaped the South Caucasus. Oil and gas exports underpin the state, while independent journalists and activists face systematic prosecution.
Live encyclopedic leader and election records · verified 2026-07-02
The Margin models elections where a competitive public record exists · all countries