Africa & Middle East · reference
🇿🇼 Zimbabwe
Presidential republic under dominant-party rule
SystemPresidential republic under dominant-party rule
Head of statePresident Emmerson Mnangagwa (ZANU-PF)
LegislatureParliament · a National Assembly of 280 seats and a Senate
ElectionsElections are held but the 2023 vote fell short of regional and international standards according to observers, including SADC
Last election2023-08-23 · general election
Next election2028 · general election due
ZANU-PF has governed since independence in 1980, and Mnangagwa took power from Robert Mugabe in a 2017 military intervention before winning two disputed elections. A push by party loyalists to extend his rule to 2030 has stirred rare open friction within the ruling establishment and with war veterans. Hyperinflation's legacy persists, with the gold-backed ZiG the sixth currency attempt in 15 years.
Live encyclopedic leader and election records · verified 2026-07-02
The Margin models elections where a competitive public record exists · all countries